Understanding the Dutch Education System: A Guide for Expats
How the Dutch School System Works
The Dutch education system is known for its structured approach, high quality, and accessibility. It is divided into several stages, catering to different age groups and learning levels.
Primary Education (Basisonderwijs)
Children start primary school at age four and continue until age 12. The curriculum focuses on foundational subjects like math, Dutch, English, science, and social studies.
Secondary Education (Voortgezet Onderwijs)
After primary school, students enter one of three secondary education paths:
- VMBO: Prepares students for vocational training (ages 12-16).
- HAVO: A five-year program leading to higher professional education (ages 12-17).
- VWO: A six-year track preparing students for university (ages 12-18).
International and Bilingual Schools
Expats can choose from international or bilingual schools, many of which offer curricula like IB (International Baccalaureate), British, or American systems.
Taalschool: Language Support for Expats
Expats whose children need additional Dutch language support can enroll in a taalschool. These schools help non-Dutch-speaking children integrate into the education system by providing intensive Dutch lessons before transitioning to mainstream schools.
Higher Education in the Netherlands
The Netherlands has two main types of higher education institutions:
- HBO (Universities of Applied Sciences): Practical, career-focused programs.
- WO (Research Universities): Academic and research-intensive programs.
School Holidays and Planning
Understanding the Dutch school calendar is crucial for planning vacations. Check out our Dutch School Holidays 2025 guide for more details.
For more insights and expat life in the Netherlands, visit our online interactive service: Expat Cousin Chat.